Roman Empire, circa mid 1st century AD (reign of Nero, 54–68 AD)
This hollow gold Roman ring (approximately 21.28 kt) exemplifies the fine craftsmanship of the 1st century AD. The ring is set with a substantial carnelian intaglio, skillfully engraved with the image of Victory (Victoria) – the Roman personification of triumph.
Victory is depicted in profile, her figure elegantly draped in a flowing tunic. Her wings are raised, suggesting motion, and her feet are positioned close together, as if caught in mid-flight. She holds a large patera, a shallow libation bowl used in ritual offerings, emphasizing her divine role in ceremonial and martial success.
The bezel is slightly raised, with a collar enclosing the intaglio. This shape is typical for the late 1st century BC and early 1st century AD. See Rings of the Ancient World by Jeffrey Spier and Jack Ogden, no. 38, page 97.
In the 1st century AD, flying Victory was featured several times on coins of emperors Augustus (27 BC – 14 AD), Nero (54-68 AD), Vitellius (69 AD), and Trajan (98-117 AD).
The iconography of this ring bears a close resemblance to representations of Victory on the large bronze coins of Emperor Nero, where she is shown holding a shield. Given the strong stylistic parallels and the Roman practice of adapting imperial coin designs for engraved gems and personal adornment, this ring can be confidently attributed to the Neronian period.
Such a ring would have served not only as a status symbol and personal adornment but also potentially as a signet or amulet, invoking divine favor and commemorating military or political triumph.
The intaglio measures 18 x 15 mm (11/16 x 9/16 in.)
Metal analysis: 88.69% gold, 6.24% silver, 4.25% copper, 0.82 zinc.
Weight is 5.09 grams
Ring size 6 – 6.5 (resizable)
